Unit Nine: Adjective and Adverb |
A: Adjective Q 1. What is an adjective for ? It is used to modify nouns and pronouns. For example: I like the first one on the wide shelf. It is used to complete a copulative verb (連繫動詞). For example: Alice is sad. Q 2. How many different types of adjectives are there in English? There are (1) descriptive (描述性) adjectives For example: the tall guy, a falling star, a beautiful house (2) limiting (限制性) adjectives For example: my girl friend, the fifth layer, many soldiers (3) proper (專有性0) adjectives. For example: Chinese checkers, Taiwanese customs, American Indians Q 3. How many different forms of adjectives are there and where are they placed? There are (1) one single word (一個字) For example: big, small, happy, sad, outstanding........ It is placed before the noun, after the noun and after the verb it completes For example: He is a happy child. He wrote a poem short and beautiful. She looks happy. (2) a phrase (一個片語) For example: Reading carefully, Mary found what she needed in the book. (現在分詞片語) Arrested by the police, David admitted what he had done. (過去分詞片語) The pencil on the table is mine.(介詞片語) The way to proceed has not been discussed. (不定詞片語) It is placed immediately before or after the noun it modify. (3) a clause (一個子句) For example: The boy (who is) standing by the tree is David. (關係代名詞子句) I cannot find the book which (or that) I bought last week . (關係代名詞子句) It is placed immediately after the noun it modify. B: Adverb Q 1. What is an adverb for? It is used to modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs. For example: He runs quickly. She is really unhappy. He plays piano very well. It is used to modify an entire clause. For example: Perhaps he will come after the interview, but I cannot wait any longer. It is used to modify all the rest of a sentence. For example: Perhaps he will come after the interview. Q 2. How many different types of adverbs are there in English? There are (1) adverbs of manner (態度) which answer the question how. For example: She teaches enthusiastically. (2) adverbs of degree (程度) which answer the question how much. For example: She completely devotes herself to her students. (3) adverbs of time (時間) which answer the question when. For example: My father came home late last night. (4) adverbs of place (地方)which answer the question where. For example: He went north for the summer. (5) adverbs of cause or purpose (因果) which answer the question why. For example: He will therefore Mary to go through the financial crisis. (6) Adverbs of assertion (確定) which answer the question true or false. For example: She will surely pass the test. Q 3. How many different forms of adverbs are there and where are they placed? There are (1) one single word (一個字) For example: fast, friendly, closely, enough................................ It is placed before or after the element it modifies or at the very beginning or end of a sentence. For example: He runs quickly away. The house is well decorated. Finally, he won the game. (2) a phrase (一個片語) It is placed after the element it modifies or at the very beginning or end of a sentence. For example: In the hot summer afternoon, they quickly walked to the house. (time) (degree) (place) (3) a clause (一個子句)
It is placed at the beginning or end of the sentences based upon its function.
For example: He had learned English for three years before he went to the US. Although I am poor, I am quite content. I would be very happy to meet you again if you can be on tome. C. Q 1. What else do we need to know about adjectives and adverbs? There are a lot of things about adjectives and adverbs which have not been covered in this unit. For example: Comparison of adjectives and adverbs Nouns and phrases used as adjectives and adverbs Conjunctive adverbs and many others A more complete grammar book is always recommended.
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