Annotations
註解
Personal notes you can attach to the documents you
have saved in your Web browser. The notes are available to you whenever
the document is viewed.
Archie 檔案蒐尋服務
Derived from the word archive,
Archie is a Net-based service that allows you to locate files that can
be downloaded via FTP.
Archive
收集歸檔
-
A storage repository for software, data, or other
materials to be saved and preserved.
-
A technique of combining multiple files into a single
file to enable easier backup, handling or transmission. Some of the softwareprograms
used to archive files are PKZIP, WinZip, Stuffit, and tar. Files with the
following extensions are likely to be archived: sea, tar, taz, taZ, tgz,
and zip.
Asychronous
Connection 非同步連線
The type of connection a modem makes over a phone
line, this connection is not synchronized by a mutual timing signal or
clock.
Authoring
Software 多媒體網頁製作軟體
This term refers to software that enables the creation
of multimedia or hypertext documents and presentations.
Bandwidth
頻寬
The range of transmission frequencies a network can
use. The greater the bandwidth the more information that can be transferred
over that network at one time. The term bandwidth also broadly includes
throughput, meaning the amount of data sent.
BBS
電子布告欄
This is an acronym for Bulletin Board System, a computer
equipped with software and telecommunications links that allow it to act
as an information host for remote computer systems.
Bcc: &
Cc: 隱密複本 及 複本
Blind Carbon Copy: An
electronic mail header which lists addresses to which a message should
be sent, but which will not be seen by the recipients.
Carbon Copy: A
copy of a message which all persons on the Cc: list receive. Recipients
of the message can see who else it has been circulated to.
Bit 位元
A contraction of binary digit, a bit is the smallest
unit of information that a computer can hold. Eight bits is equivalent
to a byte. The speed at which bits are transmitted or bit rate is usually
expressed as bits per second or bps.
Bps
每秒位元數
(Bits-Per-Second) -- A measurement of how fast data
is moved from one place to another. A 28.8 modem can move 28,800
bits per second.
Broadband
寬頻
A transmission method in which the networks range
of transmission frequencies is divided into separate channels and each
channel is used to send a different signal. Broadband is often used to
send different types of signals simultaneously.
Browser
瀏覽器
A type of software that allows you to navigate information
databases; examples are Netscape Navigator and NCSA Mosaic.
BTW
(or Btw) 順帶一提
(By The Way) -- A shorthand appended to a comment
written in an online forum.
Bulletin
Board (bbs) 布告欄
A system that enables users to send or read messages
that are of general interest and addressed to no particular person. The
abbreviation bbs then stand for bulletin board station.
Byte
位元組
The number of bits used to represent a character.
CD-ROM
光碟片
Compact Disk-Read Only Memory; an optical disk from
which information may be read but not written.
CD-R or Compact
Disk-Recordable 可讀寫光碟機
Refers to computer peripheral disk drives that allow
the user to record content on to a blank compact disk.
Click
點選
To press down and release a button on a pointing
device in order to select an item on a display screen or activate a command
or function.
Client
用戶端
A computer that has access to services over a computer
network. The computer providing the services is a server. Note: in an
X-11 environment, the meanings of client and server are reversed.
Configuration
設定
This is a general-purpose computer term that can
refer to the way you have your computer set up. It is also used to describe
the total combination of hardware components that make up a computer system
and the software settings that allow various hardware components of a computer
system to communicate with one another.
Configure
設定
The act of changing software or hardware actions
by changing the settings.
Cookie
The most common meaning of "Cookie" on the Internet
refers to a piece of information sent by a Web Server to a Web Browser
that the Browser software is expected to save and to send back to the Server
whenever the browser makes additional requests from the Server.
Depending on the type of Cookie used,
and the Browser's settings, the Browser may accept or not accept the Cookie,
and may save the Cookie for either a short time or a long time.
Cookies might contain information such as login
or registration information, online shopping cart?information, user preferences,
etc.
When a Server receives a request from a Browser
that includes a Cookie, the Server is able to use the information stored
in the Cookie. For example, the Server might customize what is sent back
to the user, or keep a log of particular user's requests.
Cookies are usually set to expire after
a predetermined amount of time and are usually saved in memory until the
Browser software is closed down, at which time they may be saved to disk
if their "expire time" has not been reached. Cookies do not read
your hard drive and send your life story to the CIA, but they can be used
to gather more information about a user than would be possible without
them.
Cursor
游標
A bright, usually blinking, movable indicator on
a display, marking the position at which a character can be entered, corrected,
or deleted.
CyberMall
網際商店
A term commonly used to describe an electronic site
shared by a number of commercial interests.
Cyberspace
網路世界/網際空間
A term coined by William Gibson in his novel "Neuromancer"
to refer to a near-future computer network where users mentally travel
through matrices of data. The term is now used to describe the Internet
and the other computer networks.
Desktop
桌面
The area of the screen in graphical user interfaces
against which icons and windows appear [syn: background, screen background].
Dial-up Connection
撥接連線
The most popular form of Net connection for the home
user, this is a connection from your computer to a host computer over standard
telephone lines.
Direct Connection
直接連線
A permanent connection between your computer system
and the Internet. This is sometimes referred to as a leased-line connection
because the line is leased from the telephone company.
Disk/Diskette/Floppy
Disk 軟碟片
A small plastic magnetic disk enclosed in a stiff
envelope with a radial slit; used to store data or programs for a microcomputer;
"floppy disks are noted for their relatively slow speed and small capacity
and low price" [syn: floppy, floppy disk]
DNS 網域名稱系統
An acronym for Domain Name Server, DNS refers to
a database of Internet names and addresses which translates the names to
the official Internet Protocol numbers and vice versa.
Document
文件
When used in reference to the World Wide Web, a document
is any file containing text, media or hyperlinks that can be transferred
from an HTTP server to a client program.
Download
& Upload 下載及上傳(檔案）
Download: To transfer to your computer a copy of
a file that resides on another computer.
Upload: To load a file from your computer onto a
remote one.
E-mail
電子郵件
(Electronic Mail) -- Messages, usually text, sent
from one person to another via computer. E-mail can also be sent automatically
to a large number of addresses (Mailing List).
Email Client
電子郵件軟體
An application that runs on a personal
computer or workstation and enables you to send, receive and organize e-mail.
It's called a client because e-mail systems are based on a client-server
architecture. Mail is sent from many clients to a central server, which
re-routes the mail to its intended destination. Some famous email clients
include Eudora, MS Outlook Express, and Netscape Messanger.
External
Viewer 外掛瀏覽器/外掛檢視器
A program used for presenting graphics, audio and
video files. Programs that allow the viewing of GIF and JPEG files and
the hearing of AU files fall into this category.
FAQ
常見問題集
This is the acronym for Frequently Asked Questions.
A common feature on the Internet, FAQs are files of answers to commonly
asked questions. Read FAQs before wasting electrons asking obvious questions.
Saves you from receiving flames.
File Format
檔案格式
The way a file stores information, eg. Word (.doc),
Text (.txt), HTML (.html or .htm), Excel (.xls), PowerPoint (.ppt), image
(.jpg, gif), audio (.avi, .wav, .mp3)
Firewall
防火牆
This term refers to security measures designed to
protect a networked system from unauthorized or unwelcome access.
Font
字型
A complete set of type characters in a particular
style and size.
Forum
討論板
An online discussion group. Online services and bulletin
board services (BBS's) provide a variety of forums, in which participants
with common interests can exchange open messages. Forums are sometimes
called newsgroups
(in the Internet world) or conferences.
Forward
轉寄
To send (a copy of) an electronic mail message that
you have recieved on to one or more otheraddressees. Most e-mail systems
can be configured to do this automatically to all or certain messages,
e.g. Unix sendmail looks for a ".forward" file in the recipient's home
directory.
FTP
檔案傳輸協定
File Transfer Protocol is a protocol that allows
the transfer of files from one computer to another. FTP is also the verb
used to describe the act of transferring files from one computer to another.
Gateway
通訊閘/閘道 或 入門網站（如︰http://www.pchome.com.tw)
The technical meaning is a hardware or software set-up
that translates between two dissimilar protocols, for example Prodigy has
a gateway that translates between its internal, proprietary e-mail format
and Internet e-mail format. Another, sloppier meaning of gateway is to
describe any mechanism for providing access to another system, e.g. AOL
might be called a gateway to the Internet.
GIF
圖形交換格式（多半是動態圖檔）
This acronym stands for Graphic Interchange Format,
a commonly used file compression format developed by CompuServe for transferring
graphics files to and from online services.
Hacker
(電腦)駭客
Hacker is a slang term for a technically sophisticated
computer user who enjoys exploring computer systems and programs, sometimes
to the point of obsession.
Hard Copy
The paper version of a document, as opposed to the
version on disk or tape.
Home Page
(網站)首頁
The document displayed when you first open your Web
browser. Home Page can also refer to the first document you come to at
a Web site.
Hotlists
熱門網站清單
Lists of frequently used Web locations and URLs (Uniform
Resource Locators).
Host
主電腦/主機
A computer acting as an information or communications
server.
HTML
超文件標記語言
An acronym for HyperText Markup Language, HTML is
the language used to tag various parts of a Web document so browsing software
will know how to display that document's links, text, graphics and attached
media.
HTML Document
以超文件標記語言製作的文件
A document written in HyperText Markup Language.
HTTP
超文件傳輸協定
The abbreviation for Hypertext Transfer Protocol,
HTTP is used to link and transfer hypertext documents.
Hypermedia
多媒體超連結/超媒體
The hypertext concept extended to include linked
multiple media.
Hypertext
超文件/超文本
This term describes the system that allows documents
to be cross- linked in such a way that the reader can explore related documents
by clicking on a highlighted word or symbol.
Icon
小圖示
An icon is a small image, usually a symbol, used
to graphically represent a software program, file, or function on a computer
screen. Icons make it easier to recognize and locate these things.
Internet
大寫 I 表示網際網路
(Upper case I) The vast collection of inter-connected
networks that all use the TCP/IP protocols and that evolved from the ARPANET
of the late 60's and early 70's. The Internet now (July 1995) connects
roughly 60,000 independent networks into a vast global internet.
internet
使用TCP/IP協定的相連網路所形成的網路
(Lower case i) Any time you connect 2 or more
networks
together, you have an internet--as in inter-national or inter-state.
IP （網路）位址
The abbreviation for Internet Protocol, IP refers
to the set of communication standards that control communications activity
on the Internet. An IP address is the number assigned to any Internet-connected
computer.
ISDN
整體服務數位網路
The abbreviation for Integrated ervices
Digital Network, ISDN is a telecommunications standard that uses digital
transmission technology to support voice, video and data communications
applications over regular telephone lines.
ISP
提供網路連線服務的公司/網際網路服務提供者（如 Hinet, Seednet)
(Internet Service Provider) -- An institution that
provides access to the Internet in some form, usually for money.
Java
Java 語言
Java is a network-oriented programming language invented
by Sun Microsystems that is specifically designed for writing programs
that can be safely downloaded to your computer through the Internet and
immediately run without fear of viruses or other harm to your computer
or files. Using small Java programs (called "Applets"), Web pages
can include functions such as animations, calculators, and other fancy
tricks.
We can expect to see a huge variety of features added
to the Web using Java, since you can write a Java program to do almost
anything a regular computer program can do, and then include that Java
program in a Web page.
JavaScript
JavaScript is a programming language that is mostly
used in web pages, usually to add features that make the web page more
interactive. When JavaScript is included in an HTML file it relies
upon the browser to interpret the JavaScript. When JavaScript is combined
with Cascading Style Sheets (CSS), and later versions of HTML (4.0
and later) the result is often called
DHTML.
JavaScript was invented by Netscape and was
going to be called "LiveScript", but the name was changed to JavaScript
to cash in on the popularity of
Java. JavaScript and Java are two
different programming languages.
JPEG
聯合圖像專業團體
The acronym for Joint Photographic Experts Group,
JPEG is an image compression format used to transfer color photographs
and images over computer networks. Along with GIF, it's one of the most
common ways photos are moved over the Web.
Junk Mail
垃圾郵件
Third-class mail, such as advertisements,
mailed indiscriminately in large quantities.
LAN
區域網路
(Local Area Network) -- A computer network limited
to the immediate area, usually the same building or floor of a building.
Links
連結
These are the hypertext connections between Web pages.
This is a synonym for hotlinks or hyperlinks.
Login
登入
Noun or a verb. Noun: The account name used to gain
access to a computer system. Not a secret (contrast with Password).
Verb: The act of entering into a computer system,
e.g. Login to the WELL and then go to the GBN conference.
Maillist
(or Mailing List) 郵遞清單
A (usually automated) system that allows people to
send e-mail to one address, whereupon their message is copied and
sent
to all of the other subscribers to the maillist. In this way, people who
have many different kinds of e-mail access can participate in discussions
together.
MIME
多用途網際網路郵件延伸
An acronym for Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions,
MIME is a messaging standard that allows Internet users to exchange e-mail
messages enhanced with graphics, video and voice. MIME file types are also
used in Mosaic.
Modem
數據機
(MOdulator, DEModulator) -- A device that you connect
to your computer and to a phone line, that allows the computer to talk
to other computers through the phone system. Basically, modems do for computers
what a telephone does for humans.
Mosaic
Mosaic 瀏覽器
This is the common name of a World Wide Web multimedia
browser program developed at the National Center for Supercomputing Applications
in Urbana-Champaign, Ill. The official, copyrighted name of the program
is NCSA Mosaic(tm).
MPEG
動態影片專家團體
The acronym for Moving Pictures Expert Group, MPEG
is an international standard for video compression and desktop movie presentation.
A special viewing application is needed to run MPEG files on your computer.
Netiquette
網路禮節
The etiquette on the Internet.
Password
密碼
A code used to gain access to a locked system. Good
passwords contain letters and non-letters and are not simple combinations
such as virtue7. A good password might be: Hot$1-6
Plug-in
外掛程式
A (usually small) piece of software that adds features
to a larger piece of software. Common examples are plug-ins for the Netscape
browser
and web server. Adobe Photoshop also uses plug-ins.
The idea behind plug-in's is that a small piece of
software is loaded into memory by the larger program, adding a new feature,
and that users need only install the few plug-ins that they need, out of
a much larger pool of possibilities. Plug-ins are usually created by people
other than the publishers of the software the plug-in works with.
POP
結點
An acronym for Point of Presence, POP is a service
provider's location for connecting to users. Generally, POPs refer to the
location where people can dial into the provider's host computer. Most
providers have several POPs to allow low-cost access via telephone lines.
POP3
內送郵件協定
(1) Short for Post Office Protocol,
a protocol used to retrieve e-mail from a mail server. Most e-mail applications
(sometimes called an e-mail client) use the POP protocol, although
some
can use the newer IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol).
There are two versions of POP. The first, called
POP2,
became a standard in the mid-80's and requires SMTP to send messages. The
newer version, POP3, can be used with or without SMTP.
(2) Short for Point of Presence,
a telephone number that gives you dial-up access. Internet Service Providers
(ISPs) generally provide many POPs so that users can make a local call
to gain Internet access.
PPP
點對點協定
The abbreviation for Point-to-Point Protocol, PPP
is an Internet connection where phone lines and a modem can be used to
connect a computer to the Internet.
Protocol
協定
A set of standards that define how traffic and communications
are handled by a computer or network routers.
Proxy
A proxy is somebody you delegate to do something
for you, in the Internet, a 'proxy web server' is often used for hosts
behind firewalls. The firewalled host sends a http request to the proxy
server, which forwards it to the real web server outside, collects the
response, and passes it back to the internal host.
QuickTime
多媒體播放格式
This is a digital video standard developed for Apple
Macintosh computers. Special viewing applications are needed to run QuickTime
movies.
Scroll Bar
捲軸
A bar that appears on the side or bottom
of a window to control which part of a list or document is currently in
the window 's frame. The scroll bar makes it easy to move to any part of
a file.
Typically, a scroll bar has arrows at either end,
a gray or colored area in the middle, and a scroll box (or elevator) that
moves from one end to the other to reflect your position in the document.
Clicking on the arrows causes the document to scroll in the indicated direction.
You can also quickly move to any part of a document by dragging the scroll
box to the corresponding part of the scroll bar.
Many windowing systems support both horizontal
and vertical scroll bars.
Search Engine
搜尋引擎
This term refers to a program that helps users find
information in text-oriented databases.
Server
伺服器
A computer system that manages and delivers information
for client computers.
Note: in an X-11 environment, the meanings of
client and server are reversed.
Shareware
共享軟體（非營利的）
This term refers to software that is available on
public networks and BBSs. Users are asked to remit a small amount to the
software developer, but it's on the honor system.
SMTP 外送伺服器
(Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) -- The main protocol
used to send electronic mail on the Internet.
Socket
連接埠
This is a communication mechanism originally implemented
on the BSD version of the UNIX operating system. Sockets are used as endpoints
for sending and receiving data between computers.
Synchronous
Connection 同步連線
An analog to analog or digital to digital connection
that is able to perform two or more processes at the same time by means
of a mutual timing signal or clock.
T-1
高速網路連線
High-speed data line connection. T-1 operates at
1.45 Mbps.
Tags
These are formatting codes used in HTML documents.
Tags indicate how parts of a document will appear when displayed by browsing
software.
TCP-IP
傳輸控制協定/網際網路協定
The basic protocols controlling applications on the
Intn the Internet; it stands for "transmission control protocol/Internet
protocol."
TIFF
標記影像檔案格式
This is the acronym for Tagged Image File Format,
a graphic file format developed by Aldus and Microsoft. Mosaic supports
the viewing of TIFF images.
Toolbar
工具列
The name of the handy dandy group or strip of tools
you usually can see at the top, bottom or side of the interface of an application
or program. They are customarily arranged in the form of "buttons" and
are readily available for a user to get to at any time. The idea is that
they make your computer work or development go even faster. if it weren't
for toolbars a user would have to spend an extra second or two figuring
out which pull down menu the option they want is listed under.
A toolbar can usually be configured to appear (or
not appear) in either "text" form or "graphical" form which means they
have these pleasant little pictures on them like scissors to denote the
computer action "cut".
URL
網址
This is the abbreviation for Uniform Resource Locator,
the addressing system used in the World Wide Web and other Internet resources.
The URL contains information about the method of access, the server to
be accessed and the path of any file to be accessed.
Virtual Reality
虛擬實境
An artificial environment created with computerhardware
and software and presented to the user in such a way that it appears and
feels like a real environment. To "enter" a virtual reality, a user dons
special gloves, earphones, and goggles, all of which receive their input
from the computer system. In this way, at least three of the five senses
are controlled by the computer. In addition to feeding sensory input to
the user, the devices also monitor the user's actions. The goggles, for
example, track how the eyes move and respond accordingly by sending new
video input.
To date, virtual reality systems require extremely
expensive hardware and software and are confined mostly to research laboratories.
The term virtual reality is sometimes used
more generally to refer to any virtual world represented in a computer,
even if it's just a text-based or graphical representation.
Web Browser
This is the software that allows a user to access
and view HTML documents. Examples of Web browsers include Netscape, Mosaic,
Cello and Lynx.
Web Document
An HTML document that is browsable on the Web.
Webmaster
This term refers to the person in charge of administrating
a World Wide Web site.
Web Page
網頁（一個網頁列印出來可能不只一頁）
An HTML document that is accessible on the Web.
Webspace
This term refers to the space created by the World
Wide Web.
Word Processor
文書理處理器
A computer program used to produce text documents.Examples
are WordPerfect, Microsoft Word, Word Pro. 2.A computer which is designed
specifically for word processing.Specialized word processor machines have
been mostly superseded by personal computers which can perform many functions.
World Wide
Web 網際網路
Also known as WWW or W3, the World Wide Web is a
hypertext- based Internet service used for browsing Internet resources.
