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[Paragraph Development] [Outline] [Summary]
[Essay Question]

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Summary

            Summary is very important for reading comprehension, oral and writing ability. Summary is to repeat an author¡¦s ideas of your reading in your own language and sentences. If you understand an author¡¦s ideas, you must be able to say his ideas in your own language. Misunderstanding and misinterpretation do not happen in a good summary. In addition, summary states the facts you learned from your reading of an author¡¦s writing. You are not supposed to include your opinion or criticism on the author. The correct information on your reading must be told in your summary.
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            Normally, a summary is about one-third of the quantity of the original text. Therefore, your summary contains main ideas but leaving out secondary (less important) details. This is why judging and deciding key words which tests your reading comprehension is so essential a skill for writing as well as speaking because the key words are used to make sentences in your summary. Last but not least, a summary is supposed to be written in a paragraph which contains a topic sentence and supporting evidence to explain the main idea. Idea organization can affect articulation when you are making public speech like conversing with your friends, presenting speech in a seminar or conference.
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            At beginning stage, students are encouraged to draw idea maps to include key words which they are able to identify from the reading. They then use these key words to make their own sentences and organize them according to topic sentence and specific examples.
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            If you can follow these principles to write a summary, it helps improve your reading and writing ability at significant level. Apart from this, when your literacy is improved, you feel confident to speak out your ideas at the same time.
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¡@ Example 1
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¡@ Example 4, 5
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